“Intelligent Methods for Estimating Hidden Markov Model Parameters”. Journal of Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences ( Print ISSN: 1681-6870 ,Online ISSN: 2790-2293 ) 57, no. 1 (May 26, 2025): 1–9. Accessed April 16, 2026. https://jrucs.iq/index.php/JAUCS/article/view/727.